Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology

Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology

The Impact of Direct and Vicarious Victimization of Domestic Violence on Academic Performance and Motivation Among Students (Case Study: The City of Tehran)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
1 Department of Criminal Law and Criminology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Bachelor of Law, Faculty of Law, Theology and Political Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
3 Bachelor of Laws, Faculty of Law, Theology and Political Sciences, Azad University, Faculty of Science and Research, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract
Domestic violence represents one of the most pervasive and detrimental social challenges, producing profound negative consequences across various life domains, particularly for adolescents. Beyond its immediate physical and psychological harm, this phenomenon significantly undermines students' academic performance and motivation. Drawing upon integrated criminological and psychological theories, this study examines the effects of direct and vicarious victimization stemming from domestic violence on academic performance and motivation among junior and senior high school students in theTehran province. Data were collected through structured questionnaires administered to 400 students from both state-run and private-sector schools, and were analyzed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA at a significance level of 0.05. Results indicate that academic motivation among vicarious victims was significantly lower compared to that of direct victims of domestic violence. Furthermore, only economic violence demonstrated a statistically significant direct effect on academic performance. This research underscores the necessity for revising and strengthening preventive and supportive policies, emphasizing the need for special attention to vicarious victims alongside direct victims. Additionally, implementing targeted awareness and educational programs highlighting the risks of domestic violence, including economic violence, from early childhood (e.g., kindergarten and elementary school) could foster more responsible behaviors among adolescents and mitigate long-term adverse effects.
 
Keywords

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